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Original Article

Adaptation Experience among Hemodialysis of Women with End-Stage Renal Disease

Eui-Jung Park1, Young-Hae Kim2, Hyun-Mi Son2
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2015;27(5):493-504.
Published online: October 31, 2015

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Corresponding author: Son, Hyun Mi College of Nursing, Pusan National University, 49 Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 626-870, Korea. Tel: +82-51-510-8315, Fax: +82-51-510-8308, E-mail: hmson@pusan.ac.kr
• Received: April 27, 2015   • Accepted: October 13, 2015

Copyright © 2015 Korean Society of Adult Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose
    This study was a qualitative study to explore and understand the adaptation experiences of hemodialysis among women with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and to develop a substantive theory using the grounded theory method.
  • Methods
    Participants were 15 female patients who underwent hemodialysis for ESRD treatment from three general hospitals. The data were collected through in-depth individual interviews.
  • Results
    The adaptation experience of participants was emerged as a process of taking care and enduring. There were four adaptation stages as a negative, despair, receptive, and maintenance period in reference to hemodialysis. The causal conditions were a vague expectations of recovery and refusal to undergo hemodialysis. The core phenomenon was that of confinement to dialysis machine. The contextual conditions for this phenomenon were the loss of femininity. They used action/interaction strategies such as transition their life with a focus on hemodialysis, seeking information, and learning how to take care of their body. Through this process, they had a strong will to live or had sustained their life.
  • Conclusion
    These results indicate that there is a need for nurses to understand the different steps of adaptation experiences of the given patient population. It is necessary for nurses to support them to lead their life as much normal as possible and improve the adaptation experience of ESRD.
  • Key Words: Women; Hemodialysis; Adaptation; End-stage renal disease; Qualitative research
Figure 1.
The adaptation process of hemodialysis on women with end-stage renal disease.
kjan-27-493f1.jpg
Table 1.
Dimensions, Categories and Sub-categories of the Adaptation Experience of Hemodialysis on Women with End-stage Renal Disease
Elements Categories Sub-categories
Causal condition Vague expectations of recovery ·Confidence in one's health
·No consideration of the criticalness of the situation
Refusal to undergo hemodialysis ·Shock at the scene in the hemodialysis room
·Non-compliance with instructions for treatment
Contextual condition Loss of femininity ·Physical changes
·Reproductive dysfunction
·Loss of the feminine role
·Stigma
Core phenomenon Confinement to the dialysis machine ·Temporal constraint
·Constraint to the arduous hemodialysis process
Action/interaction strategies Transition with a focus on hemodialysis ·Adapting one's body to the hemodialysis machine
·Prioritizing hemodialysis
Pursuit of information on dialysis ·Sharing one's experiences with fellow patients
·Receiving information from the medical staff
Learning how to take care of one's body ·Knowing how to take care of one's blood vessels
·Understanding one's physical abnormality
·Managing one's everyday life
Intervening conditions Support system ·Support from family
·Support from fellow patients and others
Controlling one's mind ·Becoming calm down
·Having a positive mind
Consequence Having a strong will to live ·Maintaining one's role and position
·Having hope for the future
Sustaining one's life ·Pain from continued struggle against the illness
·Reaching one's limits
  • 1.The Korean Society of Nephrology. Current renal replacement therapy in Korea [Internet]. Seoul: ESRD Registry Committee, Korean Society of nephrology; 2012. [cited 2013 January 12]. Available from:.http://www.ksn.or.kr/journal/2011/index.html.
  • 2.Suet-Ching WL. The psychometric properties of the chinese dialysis quality of life scale for Hong-Kong dialysis patients. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2001;36(3):441-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01992.x.
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  • 6.Al Nazly EA, Ahmad M, Musil C, Nabolsi M. Hemodialysis stressors and coping strategies among Jordanian patients on hemodialysis: a qualitative study. Nephrology Nursing Journal. 2013;40(4):321-7.
  • 7.Wicks MN, Bolden L, Mynatt S, Rice MC, Acchiardo SR. IN SIGHT potentially prevents and treats depressive and anxiety symptoms in black women caring for chronic hemodialysis recipients. Nephrology Nursing Journal. 2007;34(6):623-9.
  • 8.Shim OS. The study on the elderly hemodialysis patients' transition of health condition and health-related quality of life. Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society. 2010;30(1):179-94.
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    Adaptation Experience among Hemodialysis of Women with End-Stage Renal Disease
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2015;27(5):493-504.   Published online October 31, 2015
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.5.493
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    Adaptation Experience among Hemodialysis of Women with End-Stage Renal Disease
    Korean J Adult Nurs. 2015;27(5):493-504.   Published online October 31, 2015
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.5.493
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    Adaptation Experience among Hemodialysis of Women with End-Stage Renal Disease
    Image
    Figure 1. The adaptation process of hemodialysis on women with end-stage renal disease.

    Figure 1.

    Adaptation Experience among Hemodialysis of Women with End-Stage Renal Disease

    Dimensions, Categories and Sub-categories of the Adaptation Experience of Hemodialysis on Women with End-stage Renal Disease

    Elements Categories Sub-categories
    Causal condition Vague expectations of recovery ·Confidence in one's health
    ·No consideration of the criticalness of the situation
    Refusal to undergo hemodialysis ·Shock at the scene in the hemodialysis room
    ·Non-compliance with instructions for treatment
    Contextual condition Loss of femininity ·Physical changes
    ·Reproductive dysfunction
    ·Loss of the feminine role
    ·Stigma
    Core phenomenon Confinement to the dialysis machine ·Temporal constraint
    ·Constraint to the arduous hemodialysis process
    Action/interaction strategies Transition with a focus on hemodialysis ·Adapting one's body to the hemodialysis machine
    ·Prioritizing hemodialysis
    Pursuit of information on dialysis ·Sharing one's experiences with fellow patients
    ·Receiving information from the medical staff
    Learning how to take care of one's body ·Knowing how to take care of one's blood vessels
    ·Understanding one's physical abnormality
    ·Managing one's everyday life
    Intervening conditions Support system ·Support from family
    ·Support from fellow patients and others
    Controlling one's mind ·Becoming calm down
    ·Having a positive mind
    Consequence Having a strong will to live ·Maintaining one's role and position
    ·Having hope for the future
    Sustaining one's life ·Pain from continued struggle against the illness
    ·Reaching one's limits
    Table 1. Dimensions, Categories and Sub-categories of the Adaptation Experience of Hemodialysis on Women with End-stage Renal Disease

    Table 1.

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